What does the term "tempo" refer to in music?

The term "tempo" specifically refers to the speed at which a piece of music is performed. It is a fundamental aspect of musical expression that dictates how fast or slow a piece is played or sung. Tempo is typically indicated in beats per minute (BPM) and can significantly influence the mood and energy of a performance.

Understanding tempo is crucial for musicians and choirs, as it affects the overall pacing of the music and ensures that all performers are synchronized in their delivery. A quicker tempo may convey excitement or urgency, while a slower tempo can evoke feelings of calmness or melancholy. By emphasizing the importance of tempo, musicians can interpret and express the intentions of a piece more effectively.