What does the term ritardando refer to in music?

The term ritardando refers to a gradual slowing down of the tempo in a piece of music. Musicians often use this technique to create a feeling of relaxation or to prepare for an important phrase. It enhances the emotional expression of a piece by allowing the music to relax and draw the listener's attention. Ritardando is typically notated in the score, guiding performers to decelerate smoothly rather than abruptly, contributing to the overall flow and interpretation of the music. This dynamic change is an important aspect of musical phrases, adding depth and texture to the performance.