What does dissonance refer to in music?

Dissonance in music refers to a combination of notes that create a sense of instability or tension. This feeling arises from the way certain intervals or chord structures interact with each other, often producing a sound that feels unresolved or jarring. Dissonant sounds are typically used to convey emotion or tension in a piece, and they often resolve into consonant sounds, which are more stable and harmonious.

By definition, dissonance serves an important role in music composition, providing contrast and depth. While dissonant combinations are often perceived as less pleasant to the ear, they can enhance the expressiveness of music when used effectively. In contrast, harmonious combinations provide a sense of resolution and satisfaction, hence underlining the distinction between consonance and dissonance in musical theory.

This understanding helps musicians and composers create a dynamic tension and release within their compositions, adding to the emotional complexity of the piece.